High-level information on Article 6 cooperation and activities for this group of countries.

Last updated 4 December 2025

Total Emissions 15.5 billion tCO2e
Emissions per capita 11.32 tCO2e per person
Total number of:
105
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Countries with bilateral agreements

105 agreements involving 17 different countries.

15.8 million
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Countries that transferred or received ITMOs

15.8 million ITMOs transactions involving 2 different countries.

Countries
ITMOs
Guyana
15.8 million
Switzerland
13.6 thousand
41
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Countries with approved PACM activities

41 activities involving 5 different countries.

Countries
Activities

Article 6.2 | Cooperative approaches

Article 6.2 cooperative approaches involving countries in this group.


Agreements

Countries in High income group as host / buyer

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Article 6.4 | Paris Agreement crediting mechanism (PACM)

Transitioning CDM activities and newly proposed PACM projects and programmes in countries that belong to the High income group.

National Arrangements

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Sector / Activity type

Activities and how they address emissions across sectors in countries that are part of this group.

Energy
Buildings
Transport
Industry
AFOLU
Waste


INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITIES
All activities by project category and expected annual mitigation.
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National targets

Article 6 cooperation should help to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement. To hold the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels and pursuing efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, international transfers must be anchored in ambitious, economy-wide nationally determined commitments (Article 2 para. 1(a) of the Paris Agreement).

Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC)
GHG coverage
Additional goals Net Zero Tracker
Long term strategies

Sustainable development

The activities implemented under Article 6 shall promote sustainable development. Activities can come with significant positive impacts for local, national and global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) – but also significant risks to people and environment.

Intended Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals

As outlined in countries’ Participation Requirements for the PACM


The Article 6.4 Sustainable Development Tool

The Article 6.4 SD Tool aims to ensure that PACM activities "do no harm" and contribute to achieving SDGs. Project proponents are required to identify potential impacts - both positive and negative - and show how social and environmental risks are addressed.


Sustainable development impacts

In the Article 6.4 SD Tool, activity participants are required to identify and assess the potential positive and negative direct impacts of their PACM activities on the SD of the host Party(ies) by considering the host Party(ies) SD objectives and priorities and the SDGs.

TOTAL ACROSS ALL SDG'S

No impacts identified
Positive
Negative
Negative and positive

SDG'S LIST

Negative Impacts
Positive Impacts

IDENTIFIED RISKS

Sustainable development in cooperative approaches

Each participating Party is required to submit an Article 6.2 initial report that contains comprehensive information related to how the cooperative approach will minimize and, where possible, avoid negative environmental, economic and social impacts, and how it is consistent with the sustainable development objectives of the Party, noting national prerogatives.

Capacity building

Projects and initiatives to build Article 6 capacities that involve countries in the High income group.

Projects & Initiatives
From 2022 — Until 2027
Supporting Preparedness for Article 6 Cooperation (SPAR6C)
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From 2018 — Until 2026
Article 6 Support Facility (A6SF)
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From 2021 — ongoing
Article 6 Transfer Readiness Project
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From 2016 — ongoing
Carbon Market Platform
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From 2021 — ongoing
Carbon Payment for Development (CP4D)
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From 2024 — ongoing
Carbon Transaction Facility
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From 2021 — Until 2026
Cooling Program for Southern Africa (CooPSA)
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From 2022 — Until 2026
Initiative for Climate Action Transparency (ICAT)
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From 2019 — ongoing
Mobilizing Article 6 Trading Structures (MATS)
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From 2023 — Until 2025
NDC Assist II Project - Article 6 Capacity Building Project Component
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From 2018 — ongoing
Nordic Initiative for Cooperative Approaches (NICA)
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From 2025 — ongoing
Norwegian Global Emission Reduction Initiative (NOGER)
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From 2022 — ongoing
Online Course, Operationalizing Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement: Achieving ambitious climate action through cooperative approaches
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From 2017 — ongoing
Sustainable Development Initiative (SDI) for Article 6
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From 2016 — ongoing
Capacity-Building Initiative for Transparency - Global Support Program (CBIT-GSP)
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From 2017 — ongoing
West African Alliance on Carbon Markets and Climate Finance
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From 2019 — ongoing
Eastern Africa Alliance on Carbon Markets and Climate Finance (EEA)
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From 2021 — Until 2025
Urban Climate Action: Pilot Projects under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement in Indonesia and Thailand
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From 2021 — ongoing
Article 6 Early-Mover Programme
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From 2021 — ongoing
Partnership for Market Implementation
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From 2020 — ongoing
Climate Market Club
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